After a brief term as Governor of Kakheti in 2008, he became chairman of the Chamber of Control, leading the audit agency as it saw its powers increase to oversee political campaign funding ahead of the 2012 parliamentary elections.

Considered to be a young activist, he aligned himself with the so-called Reformers' Wing of the Citizens' Union Party, joining the opposition to President Eduard Shevardnadze.

In July 2006, he expressed support for a proposal to criminalize political extremism and give law enforcement more power to fight against radical groups, just as the central government was in the midst of clashes in the Kodori Valley against warlord Emzar Kvitsiani.

[7] During local elections that same year, he called on the Prosecutor's Office to investigate the opposition Conservative Party over its leader Koba Davitashvili receiving 20,000 USD in cash in illegal campaign contributions.

[8] On 7 November 2007, hours after the violent dispersal of anti-government protests by law enforcement, he called on the police to investigate opposition leaders after taped audio and video recordings showed them allegedly cooperating with Russian counter-intelligence services.

[12] In February 2008, Levan Bezhashvili left his parliamentary seat and was appointed by President Saakashvili as State Trustee to the region of Kakheti, replacing Gia Natsvlishvili.

On 9 July 2008, Governor Bezhashvili was nominated by the UNM for the post of chairman of the Chamber of Control of Georgia, the main auditing position in the government.

[23] On the ground, he set up a team of 300 volunteers that went door-to-door across the region to document damages, while a military detachment was dispatched to help with disaster relief efforts.

[25] Benefiting from perceived public support due to his work in Kakheti, Bezhashvili ran as a candidate for the Sighnaghi district of Parliament in the 2012 parliamentary race.

[36] In the 2016 parliamentary elections, Levan Bezhashvili was UNM's nominee for the majoritarian district of Sighnaghi-Dedoplistsqaro, running against Kakheti Governor Irakli Shiolashvili on the GD ticket,[37] as well as nine other candidates.

[40] Bezhashvili actively campaigned for UNM's presidential nominee Grigol Vashadze in the 2018 election, unveiling audio recordings allegedly proving collusion between GD members and local CEC officials,[41] and for Sandra Roelofs' bid for Zugdidi Mayor in May 2019.

[43] During the 2023 party chairpersonship election, Bezhashvili supported the candidacy of Levan Khabeishvili, a fellow MP who ran against incumbent Nika Melia.

33rd on UNM's proportional electoral list,[48] he nonetheless won a seat in Parliament, which he refused to take at first, following other opposition MPs in declaring a boycott in protest of alleged election fraud.

While his announced resignation was at first endorsed by the parliamentary committee on procedural issues,[49] Parliament refused to remove his mandate and, after an EU-mediated agreement between Georgian Dream and the opposition, he ended the boycott.

[51] Following the issuance of formal reform recommendations by the European Commission for Georgia to accomplish before receiving the candidate status for membership to the EU, Bezhashvili has actively advocated for strict measures against special interest control over politics.

[54] He's been actively involved in the planning of rallies for the release of Saakashvili[55] and has criticized the government for its lack of open support towards Ukraine during the Russian invasion.

On February 6, after the Municipal Court of Tbilisi rejected Mikheil Saakashvili's plea to be transferred abroad for medical treatment, he announced the faction's boycott of all parliamentary activities.