The Pilgrims began laying out the street before Christmas in 1620 after disembarking from the Mayflower.
The original settlers built their houses along the street from the shore up to the base of Burial Hill where the original fort building was located and now is the site of a cemetery and First Church of Plymouth.
Town Brook is adjacent to the street and provided drinking water for the early colonists.
Governor William Bradford, Dr. Samuel Fuller, Peter Browne, and other settlers owned lots along the road.
Leyden Street has been re-created at nearby Plimouth Plantation to look as it probably did in 1627.