Lied

Examples include settings by Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Schubert, Robert Schumann, Johannes Brahms, Hugo Wolf, Gustav Mahler or Richard Strauss.

[8] The scholar Konrad Celtis (1459–1508), the Arch-Humanist of German Renaissance, taught his students to compose Latin poems using the metric patterns following the model of the Horatian odes.

The style is present in the earliest German secular polyphony collections such as Johann Ott's Mehrstimmiges Deutsches Liederbuch (1534) and Georg Forster's Frische teutsche Liedlein (about 1540 onwards).

According to Chester Lee Alwes, Heinrich Isaac's popular song Innsbruck, ich muss dich lassen "became the gold standard of the Lied genre".

[9] German-speaking composers Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven wrote Lieder for voice and keyboard.

Song cycles (German: Liederzyklus or Liederkreis) are series of Lieder (generally three or more) tied by a single narrative or theme, such as Schubert's Die schöne Müllerin and Winterreise, or Robert Schumann's Frauen-Liebe und Leben and Dichterliebe.

Gustav Mahler, Hans Pfitzner, Max Reger, Richard Strauss, Alexander Zemlinsky carried the tradition of the Lied into the 20th century.