[1] Incomplete lineage sorting describes when the phylogenetic tree for a gene does not match that of the species.
[3][4] Lineage selection is also useful in determining the effects of mutations in highly structured environments such as tumors.
Tree sequence recording has been incorporated into the population simulation software SLiM.
[10][11] Among eukaryotes, almost all lineages with asexual modes of reproduction maintain meiosis either in a modified form or as an alternative pathway.
[12] A constraint on a meiotic sexual lineage undergoing switching to an ameiotic, asexual form of reproduction appears to be the concomitant loss of the protective recombinational repair of DNA damage that is a key function of meiosis.