[7] Common side effects include headache, dizziness, feeling tired, cough, nausea, and rash.

[1] Common side effects include headache, dizziness, feeling tired, cough, nausea, and rash.

[7] Animal and human data have revealed evidence of harm to the embryo and teratogenicity associated with ACE inhibitors.

[14] People may present to dental care suspicious of an infected tooth, but the swelling around the mouth may be due to lisinopril-induced angioedema, prompting emergency and medical referral.

Reduction in the amount of angiotensin II also reduces the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex, which allows the kidney to excrete sodium along with water into the urine and increases the retention of potassium ions.

Based on urinary recovery, the mean extent of absorption of lisinopril is approximately 25% (reduced to 16% in people with New York Heart Association Functional Classification (NYHA) Class II–IV heart failure), with large interpatient variability (6 to 60%) at all doses tested (5 to 80 mg).

[24] Enalapril is a derivative, designed by scientists at Merck to overcome the rash and bad taste caused by captopril.

[27] The di-acid metabolite of enalapril, enalaprilat, and its lysine analogue lisinopril are potent inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE); they do not contain sulphydryl groups.

Both drugs can be assayed by high-pressure liquid chromatography and by radioimmunoassay and plasma ACE inhibition remains stable under normal storage conditions.

[23] Scientists at Merck created lisinopril by systematically altering each structural unit of enalaprilat, substituting various amino acids.

Merck conducted clinical trials, and the drug was approved for hypertension in 1987 and congestive heart failure in 1993.

Merck ended up entering into an agreement with Zeneca under which Zeneca received the right to co-market lisinopril, and Merck received the exclusive rights to an earlier stage aldose reductase inhibitor drug candidate, a potential diabetes treatment.

[29] Since then, lisinopril has been available under many brand names worldwide; it is also available in combination drugs with diuretic hydrochlorothiazide (as lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide), and with calcium channel blocker amlodipine (as lisinopril/amlodipine).