List of amphibians and reptiles of Montana

The distribution of the long-toed salamander is primarily in the Pacific Northwest, with an altitudinal range of up to 2,800 metres (9,200 ft).

It lives in a variety of habitats including temperate rainforests, coniferous forests, montane riparian zones, sagebrush plains, red fir forests, semi-arid sagebrush, cheatgrass plains, and alpine meadows along the rocky shores of mountain lakes.

The long-toed salamander hibernates during the cold winter months, surviving on protein energy reserves stored in the skin and tail.

[8] Varying between brown, purple, tan, gray, and a copperish color, Idaho giant salamanders are large and robust predators.

With a defining thick head and body along with a fourth toe on the hind foot with only three segments; this species of salamander has its own unique features.

This species of salamander is found in forested watersheds from lake Coeur d'Alene to the Salmon River, and in two locations in Mineral County, Montana.

This species was once known as Plethodon vandykei idahoensis, a subspecies of Van Dyke's salamander localized in northern Idaho.

While the majority of this species is localized in northern Idaho, there are some instances of capture/sighting in western Montana and southeastern British Columbia.

It occurs in the United States throughout Montana, northwestern Wisconsin, northeastern Arizona, northern New Mexico and southwestern Utah.

It lives in moist meadows and forests near wetlands and lays eggs in loose, irregular clusters attached to submerged vegetation in quiet water.

Like other species of spadefoot toad, they get their name from a spade-like projection on their hind legs which allows them to dig into sandy soils.

The plains spadefoot toad generally grows from 1.5 to 2.5 inches in length, has a round body, with relatively short legs.

Its color ranges from a dark, olive green to light brown with irregularly-shaped black spots on its back and legs (rendering its name).

Individuals can be distinguished from other Rana species by their shorter back legs, narrow snout and upturned eyes.

It varies from green to brown in dorsal color with large dark circular spots on its back, sides and legs.

They are found in permanent ponds, swamps, marshes and slow moving streams throughout forest, open and urban areas.

The population decline is thought to have been caused by pollution drift from the United States falling in the form of acid rain.

It was named for Francisco Hernández de Toledo, a Spanish explorer who in 1651 wrote one of the first accounts of horned lizards.

It is found in grassland, broken chaparral, sagebrush, woodland, coniferous forest, even farmland, and occupy elevations from sea level up to 10,800 ft).

It is a common but secretive species whose range extends throughout Washington, Oregon, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming and into western Montana and northern Arizona.

[33] The gophersnake or bullsnake (Pituophis catenifer sayi, Salish: sx̣ʷnu[4]) is a large non-venomous colubrid snake, widespread in the central part of the United States, northern Mexico, and southern Canada.

It has a distinctive orange or yellow stripe that goes from its head to tail, the rest of its body is mainly a gray-green color.

Most garter snakes have a pattern of yellow stripes on a brown background and their average length is about 1 to 1.5 metres (3.3 to 4.9 ft).

They are primarily found throughout the United States, east of the Rocky Mountains, but they range north into Canada, and south into Mexico, Guatemala and Belize.

Racers typically grow to around 3+1⁄2 foot (107 cm) long, but some subspecies are capable of attaining lengths of 6 feet (1.8 metres).

The snake is bright green and found mainly in moist meadows, prairies and clearings in coniferous forest.

The western hognose snake (Heterodon nasicus) is a harmless colubrid species found in North America and northern Mexico.

It has a smooth, flat, oval, and keelless carapace (shell) and a base skin color of black to olive.

One of the distinguishing characteristics of this turtle is the red, orange, or yellow "painted" pattern on its legs, tail, neck, and face.

Its natural range extends from southeastern Canada, southwest to the Rocky Mountains (and beyond, where introduced), throughout Mexico, and as far south as Ecuador.