List of mammals of Uruguay

The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight.

They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Opossums probably diverged from the basic South American marsupials in the late Cretaceous or early Paleocene.

They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat, with a long snout and prehensile tail.