List of members of the United States Congress who owned slaves

This is a list of members of the United States Congress who enslaved Black and Indigenous Peoples.

Slavery was legal in the United States from its beginning as a nation, having been practiced in North America from early colonial days.

The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution formally abolished slavery in 1865, immediately after the end of the American Civil War.

William Richardson of Alabama was the last of the continuous line of former slaveholders to serve in Congress, having died in office in 1914.

On January 10, 2022, The Washington Post launched the first known database of documented contemporary or former slaveowners who held office in Congress and its preceding legislatures.