Throughout the Middle Ages, while the country struggled to survive wars followed by 150 years of Turkish occupation, most of the existing castles were destroyed and very few new were built.
During the reign of Maria Theresa of Austria (ruled 1740 to 1780), the replacement of the destroyed or derelict castles and forts did not start in earnest before the end of the 18th century.
The wealth of Hungarian noble families like Eszterházy, Grassalkovich, Festetics, Batthyány, Pállfy, Károlyi and Erdődy grew during this period.
No longer desiring to live in the out-of-date forts built on top of hills, they chose the flat lands for their estates as locales for their splendid palaces.
Hungarian nobles planned their gardens after the parks of French palaces, the characteristics of which were orderliness, well arranged but with great variety.