Ukraine possesses the greatest sea port potential among all the countries of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov.
[1] There are 18 seaports located along the Ukrainian coast.
All the ports of Ukraine are managed by the Ukrainian Sea Ports Authority.
In 2022, the majority of these ports were effectively closed to international ship traffic due to the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine and Russian naval blockade of the Black Sea.
Odesa, along with to a lesser degree Chornomorsk and Pivdenne, have been partially open to limited convoy-based grain and ammonia (for fertilizer) exports under the UN-brokered Black Sea Grain Initiative.