It includes the Holy Roman Empire, Confederation of the Rhine, the German Confederation, the North German Confederation, the German Empire, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, the German Democratic Republic (DDR, "East Germany") and the present Federal Republic of Germany (BRD, until German reunification in 1990 known as "West Germany").
(963) (979) Lutici Obotrite (985) (992) (995) (1015–1019) Kingdom of Hungary Holy Roman EmpirePechenegs (1030–1031) (1042–1043) Peter Orseolo and his allies War between King Peter and Prince Andrew (1046) Holy Roman Empire Kievan Rus' (1051–1052) Duchy of Bohemia (1056–1058) Stalemate (1060) Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of Poland (1109) 1st phase:Peace of Constance (1186) 2nd phase:Stalemate (1392) Barbarossa Frederick II Henry VII Louis IV (1147–1150) Other Crusaders other Muslim and Pagan entities in East Central Europe, Iberia and the Near East.
(1157) (1189–1192) Other Crusaders (1194) (1202–1204) Holy Land: (1217–1274) Other Crusaders Allies of Prussians: Holy Roman Empire County of Flanders County of Boulogne (1217–1221) Levant: Military orders: (1227–1229) including in Personal Union: (1228–1243) Principality of Antioch and County of Tripoli Republic of Pisa Knights Hospitaller Teutonic Knights Republic of Genoa Knights Templar Papacy (1241–1242) (1245/50–1273/5) ?
(1419–1434) Holy Roman Empire Hussite Movement England (1496–98) Margraviate of Mantua Republic of Genoa Duchy of Milan (before 1495) Duchy of Ferrara (officially neutral) (1499) Swabian League Three Leagues of the Grisons Republic of Venice Papal States (1524–1525) Marquisate of Saluzzo (1522–1523) (1524–1525) (1526-1530) Royal Hungary Kingdom of Croatia Spain Papal States Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of Portugal Papal States Knights of Malta Jülich-Cleves-Berg Denmark-Norway (1542–1543) (1546–1547) Supported by: England (March–August 1552) Holy Roman Empire Supported by: (1593–1606) (1609–1614) Matthias (1613-1617) (1615–1617) (1618–1648) Post–1635 Peace of Prague (1663–1664) Kingdom of France Holy Roman Empire Piedmont-Savoy Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1672–1678) (1683–1684) (1683–1699) Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Tsardom of Russia Republic of Venice Spanish Empire (1688–1697) (1701–1714) Indecisive Joseph I Charles VI (1703–1711) Joseph I Charles VI (1733–1735) (1789–1791) Holy Roman Empire Supported by: Prussia (1789–1790) Republic of Liège (1789–1791) France (from 1792) Supported by: Prussia (from July 1790)[6] reversion to Prince-Bishopric(1791); annexation by France (1795) (1792–1797) Great Britain Spanish Empire (1793–95) Spanish Empire (1796–97) (1806-1807) Spain Polish rebels (1808-1814) Denmark-Norway (Evacuation of La Romana's division) Defeat (1809) Rebel groups Victory (1812) French allies: Austria Prussia Denmark-Norway[8][9] (1813-1814) After the Armistice of Pläswitz After the Battle of Leipzig After 20 November 1813 Netherlands After January 1814 Denmark Until January 1814 Co-belligerent: United States (War of 1812 only) Confederation of the Rhine dissolved German states and Austria unite to form the German Confederation Netherlands gains independence Norway ceded to The King of Sweden (1815) German Revolutionaries Archduke John of Austria Frederick William IV Franz Joseph I of Austria (1864) (1866)
Italy (1870–1871) German Empire (after 18 January 1871) (1918) (1917–1921) Ukrainian State South Russia Germany Poland (The Bolsheviks were forced out of Ukraine as long as Germany was stationed there) (1918–1919) (1920) (1921) (1923) (1923) Sudeten German uprising Supported by: Germany ca.200 Finland Thailand East Germany Soviet Union Demonstrators (1990–1991)