Cambage currently shares the WNBA single-game scoring record with A'ja Wilson, with her 53-point performance against the New York Liberty on 17 July 2018.

[3][4] She played for the Australia national team, the Opals, between 2009 and 2021, winning a gold medal in the 2018 Commonwealth Games, silver in the 2018 World Cup, and bronze in the 2012 Olympics.

First settling in Eden in New South Wales, the family moved to Melbourne when Cambage was 10 years of age and later the Mornington Peninsula.

[13] Cambage played her junior basketball with Dandenong Rangers, joining their WNBL team for the 2007–08 season.

In 2007, she accepted a scholarship to the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS),[14][15] and played for the AIS team, based in Canberra, in the Women's National Basketball League (WNBL), for the remainder for the 2007–08 season and the following one[8][14][16] In August 2020, Cambage made her return to the WNBL, signing with the Southside Flyers for the 2020–21 season.

[23] Yet in an article in the Australian newspaper The Age published on 8 March 2019, Cambage reported being poorly compensated and unable to meet her mortgage payments, noting that she had not been paid since September 2018 after an injury prevented her from playing in China.

[25] On 17 July 2018, in a game against the New York Liberty, Cambage scored a WNBA record 53 points (the mark was later tied by A'ja Wilson).

In the second-round elimination game, the Aces advanced to the semifinals after defeating the Chicago Sky, 93–92, off a play by teammate Dearica Hamby in which she came up with a steal and nailed a desperation three-pointer from half court.

In the semifinals, the Aces' playoff run came to an end as they were defeated by the eventual champions, the Washington Mystics, in four games.

[33][34] On 3 March 2023, it was announced that Cambage had signed a contract with the Israeli women's basketball club Maccabi Bnot Ashdod, marking Cambage's first appearance in an Israeli basketball league after playing for teams in Australia, the United States and China.

[37] The following year, she was a member of the Australian junior women's team that competed at the World Championships in Thailand.

[42] In June 2010, she was viewed by national team coach Carrie Graf as one of a quartet of strong players that would represent Australia in a tour of China, the United States and Europe.

[44] In 2010, she was a member of the senior women's national team that competed at the World Championships in the Czech Republic.

[46] In February 2012, she was named to a short list of 24 eligible players to represent Australia at the 2012 London Olympics.

[47] At the 2012 Olympic Games on 2 August, Cambage successfully dunked the basketball with one hand in a 70–66 victory over Russia.

Just before the 2014 World Championships, she ruptured her Achilles tendon, causing her to miss eight months of playing time.