Louga is a cattle market centre, and has road and rail links with the port city of Saint-Louis to the northwest and Dakar to the southwest.

In 2013, according to official figures from the National Agency for Statistics and Demography [fr] (ANSD), Louga had a population of 104,000 inhabitants.

[2] The Louga region is made up of 3 departments: The closest towns are Dagadj, Bayakh, Taoua, Laye, Mbarom and Ngueye Dili.

This season carries dust to Louga and occasionally causes sandstorms, promoting wind erosion and water loss by evaporation.

Louga has a mildly rainy wet season from July to October, while the period from November to May has very little precipitation.