Louis Kugelmann

Louis Kugelmann, or Ludwig Kugelmann (19 February 1828 in Lemförde – 9 January 1902 in Hannover), was a German gynecologist, social democratic thinker and activist, and confidant of Marx and Engels.

Kugelmann married Gertrud Oppenheim (born 27 January 1839 in Bonn; died 1920 in Wiesbaden).

They had a daughter Franziska Kugelmann (9 October 1858 in Hannover – 31 August 1939 in Wiesbaden).

[1] He met with Karl Marx several times, visited him in Hannover, and exchanged letters with him and Friedrich Engels during the period 1862 to 1893.

[citation needed] He was a member of the International Workingmen's Association and later the Social Democratic Party of Germany.