Towns are marked in bold and market towns in italics: Bitozeves - Blatno - Blažim - Blšany - Blšany u Loun - Brodec - Břvany - Cítoliby - Čeradice - Černčice - Chlumčany - Chožov - Chraberce - Deštnice - Dobroměřice - Domoušice - Holedeč - Hříškov - Hřivice - Jimlín - Koštice - Kozly - Krásný Dvůr - Kryry - Lenešice - Libčeves - Liběšice - Libočany - Libořice - Lipno - Lišany - Líšťany - Louny - Lubenec - Měcholupy - Nepomyšl - Nová Ves - Nové Sedlo - Obora - Očihov - Opočno - Panenský Týnec - Peruc - Petrohrad - Pnětluky - Počedělice - Podbořanský Rohozec - Podbořany - Postoloprty - Raná - Ročov - Slavětín - Smolnice - Staňkovice - Toužetín - Tuchořice - Úherce - Velemyšleves - Veltěže - Vinařice - Vrbno nad Lesy - Vroutek - Vršovice - Výškov - Zálužice - Žatec - Zbrašín - Želkovice - Žerotín - Žiželice Most of the territory is flat and has an agricultural character, only the south and northeast are hilly.

The territory is located in the rain shadow of the Ore Mountains and therefore belongs to the driest regions of the country.

The territory extends into five geomorphological mesoregions: Most Basin (north and centre), Rakovník Uplands (southwest), Džbán (south), Lower Ohře Table (east) and Central Bohemian Uplands (northeast).

The largest employers with headquarters in Louny District and at least 500 employees are:[5] Žatec and its surroundings is known for its tradition of growing Saaz hops.

Žatec and the landscape of Saaz hops was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2023 because it is an exceptional example of a monoculture agricultural landscape and long cultural tradition of growing and processing the world's most renown hops variety.