Luke Potter Poland (November 1, 1815 – July 2, 1887) was an American attorney, politician, and judge from Vermont.

A native of Westford, Vermont, Poland was educated in the local schools and at Jericho Academy.

In October 1865, Poland was appointed to temporarily succeed Jacob Collamer in the United States Senate, and he served from November 21, 1865 to March 3, 1867.

[5] He studied law in the Morristown, Vermont office of attorney Samuel A. Willard and was admitted to the bar in December 1836.

[3] Poland was also active in politics as an opponent of slavery, initially as a Democrat, and in 1848 was the party's unsuccessful nominee for lieutenant governor.

[9] In 1844 and 1845 he was the state's attorney of Lamoille County,[10] and in 1848 he succeeded Charles Davis as an associate justice of the Vermont Supreme Court, a position in which he served until 1849.

[13] On October 24, 1865, Poland was to the U.S. Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Jacob Collamer, and he served from November 21, 1865 to March 3, 1867.

[12] In 1886, he was elected to represent Waterville in the Vermont House and was again selected to chair the Judiciary Committee.

[16] In 1858, the University of Vermont (UVM) awarded Poland the honorary degree of Master of Arts.

[18] With his first wife, Poland's children included: Susan E. (1840–1841); Martin Luther (1841–1878), a West Point graduate and captain in the United States Army who died while on duty at Fort Yuma on the California-Arizona border; Mary Frances (1843–1865); and Isabel Emma (1848–1927), the wife of first Andrew E. Rankin, and then Henry O.