[1][2] The geographical distribution of Luteoviruses is widespread, with the virus primarily infecting plants via transmission by aphid vectors.

Luteovirus was given this name due to the symptomatic yellowing of the plant that occurs as a result of infection.

The genus contains the following species:[2] Viruses in Luteovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and spherical geometries, and T=3 symmetry.

Notably, luteoviruses have two 5' open reading frames (ORFs) which are located upstream of the coat protein.

Translation takes place by leaky scanning, -1 ribosomal frameshifting, and suppression of termination.