MAgPIE

MAgPIE[1] is a non-linear, recursive, dynamic-optimization, global land and water-use model with a cost-minimization objective function.

[2][3] MAgPIE was developed and is employed by the land-use group working at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK).

It links regional economic information with grid-based biophysical constraints simulated by the dynamic vegetation and hydrology model LPJmL.

[4] MAgPIE considers spatially-explicit patterns of production, land use change and water constraints in different world regions, consistently linking economic development with food and energy demand.

Required calories for the demand categories (food and non-food energy intake) are determined by a cross-sectional country regression based on population and income projections.

The share of livestock products in the total consumed food calories is an important driver for the land-use sector.

By minimizing these four cost components on a global scale for the current time step, the model solution is obtained.

MAgPIE has two options to increase total production in agriculture at additional costs: land expansion and intensification.