Machine-readable medium and data

One such example was musicologist Nancy B. Reich's creation of a machine-readable catalog of composer William Jay Sydeman's works in 1966.

For example, XSLT can be used to automatically render XML in Portable Document Format (PDF).

Machine-readable data can be automatically transformed for human-readability but, generally speaking, the reverse is not true.

For purposes of implementation of the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) Modernization Act, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines "machine readable format" as follows: "Format in a standard computer language (not English text) that can be read automatically by a web browser or computer system.

Common machine-readable technologies include magnetic recording, processing waveforms, and barcodes.

Optical character recognition (OCR) can be used to enable machines to read information available to humans.

An MRD may be a dictionary with a proprietary structure that is queried by dedicated software (for example online via internet) or it can be a dictionary that has an open structure and is available for loading in computer databases and thus can be used via various software applications.

The term dictionary is also used to refer to an electronic vocabulary or lexicon as used for example in spelling checkers.

If dictionaries are arranged in a subtype-supertype hierarchy of concepts (or terms) then it is called a taxonomy.

[7] Machine-readable passports are standardized by the ICAO Document 9303 (endorsed by the International Organization for Standardization and the International Electrotechnical Commission as ISO/IEC 7501-1) and have a special machine-readable zone (MRZ), which is usually at the bottom of the identity page at the beginning of a passport.

Computers with a camera and suitable software can directly read the information on machine-readable passports.