Machine tool builder

For example, FANUC and Siemens make controls that are sold to many machine tool builders.

Alvord, Frederick W. Howe, Richard S. Lawrence, Henry D. Stone, Christopher M. Spencer, Amos Whitney, and Francis A. Pratt.

[1][2] Hyundai and Mitsubishi are chaebol and keiretsu conglomerates (respectively), and their interests cover from ore mine to end user (in actuality if not always nominally).

Machine tool builders have long had trade associations, which have helped with such tasks as establishing industry standards, lobbying (of legislatures and, more often, import-and-export-regulating agencies), and training programs.

[3] In recent decades the builders' and distributors' associations have cooperated on shared interests to the extent that some of them have merged.

About 20 years later Roe published a biography of James Hartness (1937)[5] that also contains some general history of the industry.

In 1947, Fred H. Colvin published a memoir, Sixty Years with Men and Machines,[6] that contains quite a bit of general history of the industry.

David F. Noble's Forces of Production (1984)[10] is one of the most detailed histories of the machine tool industry from World War II through the early 1980s, relayed in the context of the social impact of evolving automation via NC and CNC.

Also in 1984, David A. Hounshell published From the American System to Mass Production,[11] one of the most detailed histories of the machine tool industry from the late 18th century through 1932.

It does not concentrate on listing firm names and sales statistics (which Floud's 1976 monograph[12] focuses on) but rather is extremely detailed in exploring the development and spread of practicable interchangeability, and the thinking behind the intermediate steps.