His uncle was Sir Harilal Jekisundas Kania, the first Chief Justice of India.

He was Assistant Government Pleader for the State of Maharashtra in the Bombay City Civil Court from 5 December 1964 to 15 January 1967.

He was government pleader for the State of Maharashtra in the Bombay City Civil Court from 16 January 1967 to 3 November 1969.

He was appointed Additional Judge of the Bombay High Court with effect from 14 November 1969.

Over the course of his Supreme Court tenure, Kania authored 107 judgments and sat on 454 benches.