The 2020 census found 25,945 people in the township.

Located in the southeastern corner of the county, it borders the following townships and municipalities: Several municipalities are located in Madison Township: The census-designated place of Blacklick Estates lies in northern Madison Township.

[5] The township was organized in 1810, when its population had reached 500.

[6] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[7] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.