He served as the head of the Baku Administration of the People's Commissariat of Food (1920–1923), the Nakhchivan People's Commissariat of Finance (1925–1927), the Extraordinary People's Commissariat of Finance (1929–1930), the rector of the Azerbaijan State Institute (1929–1930), the People's Commissar of Education of the Azerbaijan SSR (1930–1931), the director of the Party History Institute at the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan (1933–1934), and prior to his arrest from July 29, 1937, to September 19, 1937, he was the director of the Azerbaijan State Publishing House.

Before his appointment as a rector, he worked in the Ministry of Food of the Azerbaijani SSR, the Extraordinary Commissariat of Finance in Nakhchivan, and so on.

From 1931, Mammadov held high positions as the People's Commissar of Education of the Azerbaijani SSR, and from 1931 to 1933, he was the Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist (Bolshevik) Party of Azerbaijan.

[2] With the appointment of Mir Jafar Baghirov as the leader of Azerbaijan, persecutions began against this distinguished statesman and scholar.

He authored numerous articles from the perspective of Marxist–Leninist methodology, dialectical and historical materialisms, the resolution of national issues in the USSR, and more.