[1][2] The hospital specializes diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases and also serves as an important medical research and training centre.

The country has a relatively low life expectancy at just 68 years, and diseases such as typhus, typhoid, malaria and bacteraemia are important.

Since 2000 the hospital has included the Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit.

This is funded by the Wellcome Trust in collaboration with the University of Oxford.

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