Located in the heart of the Los Alcores region, it is about 20 km from the national capital, Seville, and is well known for its oranges and flamenco music.

On November 20, 1342, king Alfonso XI granted the estate of Mairena to Pedro Ponce de León, separating this from Carmona's jurisdiction.

Since that time, the village has belonged to Casa de Arcos and a castle was built in the 14th century which promoted the development of a small town.

Not much later in 1441, the King Juan II conceded permission for the celebration of a live stock market, which continues as a traditional festival today.

During the Renaissance the town of Mairena undergoes a significant growth thanks to the Discovery of America and the trans-Athlantic trades.