Makunaima is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Characidae of the order Characiformes.

They are all endemic to freshwater habitats in South America.

The species were formerly allocated to Astyanax.

[1] Etymologically, the genus name alludes to "Makunaima" (also transcribed as "Macunaima" or "Makonaima"), the name of a creator god for various ethnic groups in the Amazon.

[1] There are three recognized species in this genus:[2]