[5] In July 1914 the painting was exhibited in Berlin at Herwarth Walden’s Galerie Der Sturm, with works by Albert Gleizes, Raymond Duchamp-Villon and Jacques Villon.

[6][7] Le Fumeur, titled Man with Pipe and dated c. 1912, forms part of the permanent collection of the Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (gift of G. David Thompson, 1953).

The global composition is highly geometricized, with various planes, angles, layers and facets, as are specific elements depicted on the trompe-l'œil wooden table in the foreground (as if seen from above).

In his Vie anecdotique, 16 October 1911, the poet proudly writes: "I am honored to be the first model of a Cubist painter, Jean Metzinger, for a portrait exhibited in 1910 at the Salon des Indépendants."

[11] Apollinaire became the subject of at least one other work by Metzinger; Étude pour le portrait d'Apollinaire, 1911 (Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris).

"Likenesses by Louis Marcoussis and Pablo Picasso, which simplify and caricature Apollinaire's features, emphasize the wide, rounded jaw line and almond-shaped eyes of Metzinger's subject.

Because of the vagueness of Metzinger's catalogue entry titles, and due to the multiple paintings by the artist showing models smoking pipes or cigarettes, it had been hitherto unknown precisely which of his works had been exhibited at the 1914 Indépendants.

Moser, for example, writes in 1985 that a painting titled Le Fumeur (which could have been either Portrait de Max Jacob or Man with Pipe) was exhibited at the 1914 Salon des Indépendants (note 10, p. 47).

[13] The sitter’s face, clothes, hat are observed from a succession of spatial angles or locations captured over an extended period of time, resulting in a complex series of profile and frontal views seen simultaneously.