The Lanfang Republic was one of the last kongsi federations to survive because they negotiated a deal with the Dutch that allowed them to remain autonomous.

[2] In a sudden outbreak of rebellion among the Chinese in Mandor on October 23, 1884, Controller De Rijk and 4 or 5 of his aides were killed in or near his home.

The revolt spread very quickly because the Chinese were helped by the Dayaks and thus armed groups emerged which repeatedly attacked the Dutch patrols.

As can be seen, these records provide little information on the motivation and grievances of the Chinese and Dayak insurgents, and take for granted that they had to be fought and suppressed.

The text at the back reads: In memory of: The number and names of fallen Chinese and Dayak insurgents were not recorded with such exactitude.