From his father Ahmad Alaq, the previous khan, he inherited the eastern parts of Moghulistan proper (Ili area), the Muslim oasis cities of Yanqi, Bay, and Kuqa, and the Buddhist "Uighur" holdout of Turfan.
[1] He also led a jihad of conquest against Oirat Mongol and Chinese territories to the east, including Hami and Dunhuang, and attempted to convert the Kyrgyz to Islam.
Mansur's rule was quickly challenged by the Dughlat amir Mirza Aba Bakr, who, although in theory was a Moghul vassal, reigned virtually independently in Yarkand and Kashgar.
In 1513 the Qara Del prince of Hami, which lay to the east of Turfan, switched his allegiance from the Chinese Ming Emperor to Mansur Khan.
Mansur Khan army annexed Shazhou (Dunhuang) and reached the Jiayu Pass in Gansu- the westernmost point in Great Wall of China.
During the Moghul war against China, the Chinese Ming Dynasty defeated multiple raids by the Turpan Kingdom under Mansur allied with the Mongols under Ibrahim who fled Batumöngke Dayan Khan of Mongolia-based Northern Yuan, over disputes on tribute.