Duchess Maria of Saxe-Weimar (7 October 1571 – 7 March 1610) was Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg from 1601 until her death.

Born in Weimar, Maria was the daughter of John William, Duke of Saxe-Weimar, and Dorothea Susanne of Simmern.

Maria was suggested as Anna III's successor by the guardian of the abbey, her brother Frederick William I, Duke of Saxe-Weimar.

She proved to be unwilling to confront the abbey's protectors, the dukes of Saxony, which led to the decrease in her own temporal authority.

She died suddenly in Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, on her way to Dresden, and was buried in Quedlinburg.