Known as Greenock Road, the highway runs 2.67 miles (4.30 km) from MD 794 in Bristol north to MD 408 near Lothian.

MD 259 was constructed in the late 1920s and early 1930s.

MD 259 heads northeast as a two-lane undivided road that passes southeast of the historic James Owens Farm.

The highway reaches its northern terminus at an intersection with MD 408 (Mount Zion-Marlboro Road) at the hamlet of Greenock southwest of Lothian.

[6] The entire route is in Anne Arundel County.