[citation needed] The proclamation comprised four clauses:[1] This measure may have been encouraged or incited by the United Scotsmen, a secret society spread throughout Scotland who were believed to be intent on insurgence and the setting up of a Scottish government under Muir of Huntershill.

[citation needed] The following day, 29 August, the proclamation was handed to Major Wight, the commanding officer of the recruitment squad; it was initially ignored.

Later, when a contingent from the local colliery communities, led by 'Jackie' (Joan) Crookston confronted the troops, their response was swift and bloody.

[1][additional citation(s) needed] After the slaughter the troopers are alleged to have carried out rapes and pillage in the small town.

[1][additional citation(s) needed] The Light Dragoons' overall commanding officer was then Colonel Viscount Hawkesbury, (later 2nd Earl of Liverpool and a future Prime Minister) who was not present.