Matthew Town is the chief and only settlement on Great Inagua Island of the Bahamas.

It was named after Bahamian Governor George Buckley-Mathew (1844–1849) and first settled during his tenure in office.

It has several buildings dating to the 19th century including the 1870 Great Inagua Lighthouse.

Almost the entire population of Inagua resides in Matthew Town (approx.

[4] Matthew Town has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh), being much drier than the northern Bahamas as it lies further from the wet western side of the North Atlantic subtropical anticyclone.