Matvei Ivanovich Vasilenko (Russian: Матвей Иванович Василенко; Ukrainian: Матвій Іванович Василенко; 25 November [O.S.
13 November] 1888 – 1 July 1937) was a Soviet komkor (corps commander).
He fought in the Imperial Russian Army during World War I before going over to the Bolsheviks in the subsequent Civil War.
During the Great Purge, he was arrested on 11 March 1937.
On 26 June 1937, Vasilenko's name appeared on an execution list signed by Joseph Stalin, Lazar Kaganovich, Kliment Voroshilov, Andrei Zhdanov and Anastas Mikoyan.