Matveyev Kurgan (Russian: Матвеев Курган) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Matveyevo-Kurgansky District, Rostov Oblast, Russia.

[5] The Russians started settling this territory district in the beginning of the 18th century under the orders of Peter I.

Runaway serfs who were attracted by the favorable climate and proximity to seas and rivers migrated to Matveyev Kurgan.

Matvey lived in the steppes of Primiusye, uniting hundreds of like-minded people, and became their leader – Ataman.

The village is located in the northwestern part of Rostov Oblast on the left bank of the Mius.