Otto Jacob Max Hilzheimer (15 November 1877, Kehnert - 10 January 1946, Berlin-Charlottenburg) was a German zoologist who specialized in the mammals and was a pioneer of conservation in Berlin.
Max studied zoology at Strasbourg and Munich and worked under Richard Hertwig with a doctoral thesis on the Hypopharynx of Hymenoptera.
Hilzheimer was a co-founder of the German Society for Mammalogy in 1926[1] along with Hermann Pohle and Kurt Ohnesorge.
He was also a pioneer conservationist who established a nature conservation unit in Berlin in March, 1927.
He married Walburga Münzhuber, from a Catholic family, in 1907, and it was through her efforts that he survived the Nazi period.