[6] This species, along with many other closely related taxa, have been found to promote production of chickpea and other crops worldwide by forming symbiotic relationships.

As a typical species nodulating the chickpea root, M. mediterraneum forms a mutualistic symbiosis with the legume crop.

[17] Besides chickpea, Mesorhizobium mediterraneum and/or closely related taxa have also been found to form symbiotic relationships with many other crops and plants, including wild liquorice (Astragalus glycyphyllos),[18] lentil (Lens culinaris Medik),[19] the South African legume species of the genus Lessertia,[20] black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia),[21] Lotus tenuis,[22] Caragana,[23] and Astragalus cicer.

[24] Mesorhizobium mediterraneum, along with many other species, contributed to diverse rhizobia nodulating chickpea worldwide, such as Northeast China,[25][26][27] India,[28][29] the North-West Indo Gangetic Plains,[30] Ethiopia,[31] Iran,[32] and Portugal.

[33][34] These findings contribute to valuable pools of isolates that hold promises for increasing chickpea production in these soil types.