The north of the province, with Bari, Altamura, Bitonto, Corato, Gravina in Puglia, and Molfetta, is heavily populated.

The south, on the contrary, is characterized by the absence of these large centers; the only municipality to be around 50,000 inhabitants is Monopoli.

In the southern part of the province, on the border with that of Taranto, is the Itria Valley, between the towns of Alberobello, Locorotondo, Cisternino and Martina Franca.

[3] The arable land in the province of Bari is exploited with the cultivation of olive and grapes, but also cherries, peaches, and almonds.

Also important is the production of cherries; the Apulian red is especially prevalent in the countryside of Turi and Putignano.