Microphilypnus is a genus of small fishes in the family Eleotridae native to the Amazon and Orinoco basins in South America.

At up to 2.4 cm (0.94 in) in standard length,[2] they are among the smallest sleeper gobies, but however larger than the Leptophilypnion sleeper gobies from the same region.

[3] The bottom-dwelling Microphilypnus are typically found in shallow water among leaf-litter or partially buried in sand,[4] and they can be very abundant in their habitat.

[5] Their small size combined with a speckled and semi-transparent appearance makes them highly cryptic.

[4] They somewhat resemble certain freshwater shrimp (Palaemonetes and Pseudopalaemon), as well as Priocharax characins, and they sometimes group together.