During his early career, Papazoglou served as Principal Researcher and Project Leader at the National German Society for Mathematics and Data Processing (Gesellschaft für Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung, GMD, which is now part of Fraunhofer Society) and as an adjunct professor at the University of Koblenz and Landau.
He then joined the Australian National University, in Canberra, Australia as a Senior Lecturer and subsequently as a Reader in Computer Science.
Following this, he became a Full Professor & Head of the Information Systems School at the Queensland University of Technology, in Brisbane.
He subsequently, expanded his work in the area of e-Business Integration[5] where he published a widely used textbook,[6] and, Business Process Compliance[7] From the late 90s he focused his research work in the areas of Service Oriented Computing,[8] Cloud Computing,[9]Smart manufacturing and Digital health.
In 2021 he was presented with the Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award for having excelled in his field of expertise for over 20 years.