He was a professor of finance law, public figure, member of the State Duma of the Russian Empire of 3rd and 4th convocations (by the list from the Union of October 17), and rector of the Kharkov University (1890–1897).
In 1879, after two years of working abroad, he defended his PhD thesis in financial law “Current legislation on direct taxes”.
:[2] In the Duma of the III and IV convocations, M. M. Alekseenko was one of the most prominent deputies and enjoyed great authority even among political opponents.
During 9 sessions (1907-1917), he served as chairman of the Budget Commission, where he was able to establish an effective and rigorous review of the State List of Income and Expenses.
He died of cerebral hemorrhage at 9 pm on February 18, 1917[3] The funeral of M. M. Alekseenko was the most solemn in the history of the State Duma of the Russian Empire.