Prince Mikhail Petrovich Barataev (Russian: Михаил Петрович Баратаев (Бараташвили), Georgian: მიხეილ ბარათაევი [ბარათაშვილი]) (January 1, 1784 – July 30, 1856) was a Russian Empire bureaucrat of Georgian origin and an amateur numismatist, the first to have studied the coinage of Georgia.

Barataev was born in Simbirsk (now Ulyanovsk) into the expatriate Georgian noble family of Baratashvili.

His father, Prince Pyotr Mikhailovich Barataev (1734-1789), was a general in the Russian army and Simbirsk governor.

He founded a Freemasonic lodge "Key to Virtues" (Ключ к добродетели) in Simbirsk and was briefly arrested in 1826 for his ties with the Decembrists.

Upon his retirement in 1844, Barataev published, in French and Russian, his principal study The Numismatic Facts of the Kingdom of Georgia (Russian: Нумизматические факты грузинского царства; French: Documents numismatiques du Royaume de Géorgie) – the first scholarly treatment of the subject in question – which won him a membership of the French Academy of Sciences.