Modena railway station is situated at Piazza Dante Alighieri, to the north of the city centre.

The central part is spread over three floors, with access provided through five arches on each side of the building.

Between 2005 and 2006, the station was the subject of extensive renovations commissioned by Centostazioni, with co-financing from RFI.

The renovation work included maintenance of the exterior facade of the passenger building, the shelter and pedestrian underpass, upgrading of technological systems, construction of a new basement, the renovation of public conveniences, and renewal of lighting both internally and externally.

Also included in the renovation project was the construction of new commercial premises, such as a Chef Express bar and a McDonald's.