The administrative centre of the county was Mogilev-Podolsky (modern-day Mohyliv-Podilskyi).

The uezd included most of Mohyliv-Podilskyi and Zhmerynka Raions of Ukraine.

The subcounties (volosts) of the Mogilev uezd in 1912 were as follows:[1] At the time of the Russian Empire Census on 28 January [O.S.

15 January] 1897, the Mogilev uezd had a population of 227,672, including 112,856 men and 114,816 women.

The majority of the population indicated Little Russian[b] to be their mother tongue, with a significant Jewish speaking minority.