Examples include the yecha 夜叉 (yaksha) and the luocha 罗刹 (raksasha), both derived ultimately from Indian lore through the influence of Buddhsim.
While 魔 (mo), 妖 (yao), 鬼 (gui), 怪 (guai) are used loosely and interchangeably to refer to malevolent supernatural beings in literature, it is also clear that the characters have different specific connotations, as follows: Examples of Chinese demons include the yaksha (夜叉) and the raksasha (罗刹), amongst others.
They feature in Pu Song Ling's tale "The Raksha Country and the Sea Market"[5] as hideous beings that possess standards of beauty antithetical to that of the Chinese world, and whose society the protagonist has to cope with.
Air-traversing yaksha (空行夜叉) are described as flying through the night with a pair of wings and radiating a strange glowing darkness.
Earth-traversing yaksha (地行夜叉) are described as having flaming eyebrows, being several meters in height, and having a strange half-moon formation in between their eyes.
In Hinduism and Buddhism, Mara determines fates of death and desire that tether people to an unending cycle of reincarnation and suffering.