[2][3] The stone foundation, including the water-wheel arch, remain on the original site.
The Mill was located on the north bank of the Monroe City Creek, about one quarter mile below its source at a karst spring.
The valley created by erosion from the creek is generally referred to as "the Monroe City Hollow."
The dam was 15' tall and collected water which was channeled to the mill through a wooden trough.
At an unknown time, a steel pipe was installed to carry water directly from the spring, about 1/4 mile away.
The resulting ground meal then dropped through sifters and into bagging bins, all powered by the water wheel.
In 1880, Gottleib Ziebold upgraded the grindstones to steel rollers which dramatically increased efficiency.
The steam boiler required constant attention to maintain the proper operating pressure.
[3] According to the Combined History (1883), "Where Monroe City now stands Andrew Kinney built a water mill, and this vicinity, at an early time, became one of the important business points of the county.
Below is an advertisement that appeared in the Illinois Herald newspaper, announcing the cotton milling service.
[5] General Thomas James purchased the Mill sometime between 1823 and 1827, after he returned from his New Mexico expedition.
He moved his family to Monroe City, from the town of California, Moniteau County, Missouri, where he owned a steam grist mill.
He moved the family back to Moniteau County and operated the mill there until his wife Magdalena's death in 1872.
Gottleib then moved the family back to Monroe City and resumed operating the Mill.
He contracted with the Richmond Indiana Steel Company to install metal rollers to replace the water-powered grindstones.
[3] Duryea spent at least 2 years in Monroe City, living with the Ziebold family.
He visited the Madonnaville Cave where he etched his name and bicycle drawings into a rock shelf.