The geography of the land is very similar to that of the interior Patagonian Desert, with volcanic sediments, piedmont plains, large mountain blocks and many usually dry salt lakes.

Due to the region lying on the eastern, or leeward, side of the Andes and west of the Sierra de Córdoba, it experiences very little rain.

These rain shadow effects are the primary reason for the aridity of the region and the formation of the Monte and other nearby deserts.

The fauna of the area is also very similar to that of the Patagonian Desert, only in greater diversity and number due to the Monte's more hospitable conditions.

Small mammals like mice abound and larger animals like the guanaco and burrowing owl can be found as well.