In 1910 during a visit to the laboratory of Ross Granville Harrison at Yale, Burrows studied tissue culture.
Among the propositions was the idea that their chick heart cultures could live indefinitely by continuous application of their methods.
He became Associate Professor of Surgery at Washington University in St. Louis from 1919 to 1927 and Head Pathologist at Barnes Hospital.
In 1920 he was named research director at the Barnard Free Skin and Cancer Hospital (now affiliated with the Washington University School of Medicine).
[8] In 1925 while working at Barnes with Charles G. Johnston, Burrows coauthored the study "The Action of Oils in the Production of Tumors: With a Definition of the Cause of Cancer.
"[9] While at Johns Hopkins, Burrows authored several whitepapers, including "The Significance of the Lunula of the Nail," "The Oxygen Pressure Necessary for Tissue Activity," and "The Functional Relation of Intercellular Substances in the Body to Certain Structures in the Egg and Unicellular Organisms."