The generally accepted approach to morphological parsing is through the use of a finite state transducer (FST), which inputs words and outputs their stem and modifiers.
The FST is initially created through algorithmic parsing of some word source, such as a dictionary, complete with modifier markups.
Another approach is through the use of an indexed lookup method, which uses a constructed radix tree.
Some experimental studies suggest that monolingual speakers process words as wholes upon listening to them, while their late bilinguals peers break words down into their corresponding morphemes, because their lexical representations are not as specific, and because lexical processing in the second language may be less frequent than processing the mother tongue.
[2] Applications of morphological processing include machine translation, spell checker, and information retrieval.