It protects an area of the caatinga biome that includes interesting geological formations and prehistoric cave paintings.

[6] The paintings in the Brejões, Boa Esperança, Igrejinha and Cristal caves demand special protection.

An event on conservation of nature sponsored by the municipality of Morro do Chapéu and the state planning department was held in 1985 and called for measures to implement the park.

The Geological Service of Brazil (CPRM) presented a report in December 1995 that included plans for infrastructure and tourist sites, and gave environmental information, risk factors and speleological and archaeological studies.

The state prosecutor's office quickly issued a recommendation detailing legal reasons why the park should be preserved.

The counter-arguments advanced by the Brazilian Wind Energy Association (Abeeólica) are that there is proof that wild animals return and with modern methods that vegetation recovers fast, and the increased surveillance of the park will deter hunting, illegal logging and sand mining.